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| 文獻(xiàn)摘要：蝦青素在心血管健康與疾病中的作用 |
| 發(fā)布時(shí)間：2015/9/21 8:45:18 閱讀次數(shù)：318 |
發(fā)生氧化應(yīng)激和產(chǎn)生炎癥會(huì)導(dǎo)致動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化引起的心血管疾病。然而，維生素E，C和β-胡蘿卜素在心血管疾病方面所進(jìn)行的抗氧化測(cè)試表明它們不能有效減少心血管疾病，降低死亡率。雖然這些結(jié)果可能有實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)方面的缺陷，但是，人們一直在尋找新的，更有效的抗氧化物質(zhì)。蝦青素就是一種更強(qiáng)的抗氧化物質(zhì)，它是一種類胡羅卜素，存在于微藻，真菌，植物，海鮮，火烈鳥(niǎo)及鵪鶉中，具有抗氧化和消炎的作用。有限的短期內(nèi)的小樣本研究已經(jīng)評(píng)估了蝦青素的抗氧化能力、消炎作用，同時(shí)還調(diào)查了它的生物有效性和安全性。到目前為止沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)明顯不良反應(yīng)，而且研究發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著蝦青素的供應(yīng)氧化應(yīng)激和炎癥會(huì)減弱。利用心臟缺血再灌注模型對(duì)幾種動(dòng)物進(jìn)行研究，表明缺血誘導(dǎo)前無(wú)論口服還是注射蝦青素都可以起到心肌保護(hù)的作用。雖然利用蝦青素進(jìn)行人體臨床心血管研究尚未報(bào)道，但是鑒于蝦青素在心血管實(shí)驗(yàn)研究，以及物理化學(xué)、抗氧化性及安全性的良好結(jié)果，其臨床研究勢(shì)在必行。
Oxidative stress and inflammation are established processes contributing to cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis. However, antioxidant therapies tested in cardiovascular disease such as vitamin E, C and β-carotene have proved unsuccessful at reducing cardiovascular events and mortality. Although these outcomes may reflect limitations in trial design, new, more potent antioxidant therapies are being pursued. Astaxanthin, a carotenoid found in microalgae, fungi, complex plants, seafood, flamingos and quail is one such agent. It has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Limited, short duration and small sample size studies have assessed the effects of astaxanthin on oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers and have investigated bioavailability and safety. So far no significant adverse events have been observed and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation are attenuated with astaxanthin supplementation. Experimental investigations in a range of species using a cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion model demonstrated cardiac muscle preservation when astaxanthin is administered either orally or intravenously prior to the induction of ischaemia. Human clinical cardiovascular studies using astaxanthin therapy have not yet been reported. On the basis of the promising results of experimental cardiovascular studies and the physicochemical and antioxidant properties and safety profile of astaxanthin, clinical trials should be undertaken.
（Fassett R G, Coombes J S. Astaxanthin in cardiovascular health and disease. Molecules. 2012, 17(2): 2030-2048. ）
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